Rockpedia

Rock branch Full entry · 1983

Noise rock

Emerged 1983 Origin USA Subgenres Vocals Shouted
Heaviness
7
Speed
6
Melody
3

Shouted. Barked or chanted, and you can still make out the words.

In short

Alternate tunings, feedback as an instrument and rhythm sections that hit like machinery. The grandfather of sludge.

How it sounds

  • Alternate tunings, often invented for a single song.
  • Feedback and harmonics treated as musical material rather than accidents.
  • A heavy, near-mechanical rhythm section with distorted bass up front.

Hear what that means

  • Prepared tunings from 6:58

    Sonic Youth - Daydream Nation

    Guitars tuned to intervals no chord book contains, with screwdrivers under the strings. They kept dozens of instruments because retuning mid-set was impossible - the tuning is the composition.

    Open on YouTube at 6:58
  • A drum machine, so it never softens from 6:08

    Big Black - Atomizer

    Steve Albini used a machine because a human drummer would have breathed. It is set faster and more relentlessly than a person would choose, and the effect is genuinely unpleasant on purpose.

    Open on YouTube at 6:08
  • Dissonance as a resting state

    The Jesus Lizard - Goat

    The bass carries the riff so the guitar is free to make noise above it, and the dissonance never resolves because it was never tension in the first place.

    Open on YouTube

Loaded only when you press play — nothing reaches Google before that. Every second here is the uploader's own, read from the recording's tracklist.

The specifics

Tempo
90-150 bpm
Song length
3-7 min
Tuning
Altered and prepared: strings tuned to intervals no chord book contains, screwdrivers under them, and the same tuning used across a whole record so the ringing open strings become the harmony.
Production
Harsh and mid-heavy on purpose, with the guitars recorded to be abrasive rather than large. Big Black used a drum machine because a human drummer would have softened it.
Written about
Violence, American ugliness, Sex without romance, Deliberate discomfort

What each part is doing

  • Guitar Two of them in altered tunings, using dissonance as a resting state rather than as tension to resolve. The technique is preparation — what you do to the instrument before you play it.
  • Bass Distorted, trebly and often carrying the riff, with the guitars free to make noise above it. In this genre the bass is the harmonic anchor because nothing else is.
  • Drums Played hard and dry, or replaced by a drum machine set faster and more relentlessly than a person would choose.
  • Vocals Shouted, barked or shrieked, mixed as one more abrasive element rather than as the thing to follow.

What it isn't

That the noise is the absence of technique. The tunings are systematic — Sonic Youth kept dozens of guitars, each dedicated to one tuning, because retuning mid-set was impossible — and the dissonance is chosen and repeated rather than stumbled into. It is closer to twentieth-century composition than to incompetence, which is exactly what several of the people involved had studied.

Told apart from

  • Alternative rock Noise rock is where a great many alternative bands came from, and it is the version that never agreed to write a chorus.
  • Shoegaze The same volume for the opposite purpose: shoegaze uses it to envelop, noise rock to abrade, and neither lets a sound have a conventional edge.
  • Sludge metal Sludge takes noise rock's dissonance and hardcore's anger into metal's tempo and tuning. The Melvins are on both lists here for a reason.
  • Math rock Math rock shares the interlocking guitars and the dissonance and adds rhythmic complexity as the organising idea rather than volume.

The genres this one is most often mistaken for. Written, not derived.

History

Sonic Youth jammed screwdrivers under their strings to reach impossible tunings, in the New York that followed no wave. Steve Albini, with Big Black, brought in the drum machine and a guitar tone like a blade. Melvins and The Jesus Lizard slowed everything down — sludge starts right there.

Descended from

Siblings on this branch

Sounds like this, elsewhere in the tree

Closest by the three ratings, among genres at least 4 steps away in the tree. A rating match is not a musical claim.